Posts belonging to Category Time Line

1961- Edith dies at the age of eighty-nine on December 28, which is coincidentally the birthday of her beloved husband Woodrow Wilson. In November of that year she suffered from a respiratory infection, and her health deteriorated for the next month until her death.

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Source: Ishbel Ross, Power With Grace: The Life Story of Mrs. Woodrow Wilson, (New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1975), 344.

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1960- In the November elections, John F. Kennedy wins the presidency against former vice president Richard M. Nixon by a very narrow margin. Kennedy receives 84 more electoral votes than Nixon. He is also the first Roman Catholic to hold the office.

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Sources: Mercer ed., Millennium Year by Year, 769.
Trager, The People’s Chronology, 973.

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1959- In January, Fidel Castro assumes leadership in Cuba after the resignation and flight of Fulgencio Batista. After Castro and the revolutionaries take Santiago and subsequently Santa Clara, on January 3, they go into Havana. A month later, Castro and his regime take over.

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Sources:
Mercer ed., Millennium Year by Year, 767.
Trager, The People’s Chronology, 968.

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1957- In September, Governor Orval Faubus orders Arkansas state militia to impede integration by preventing nine African American students from entering the school building. Governor Faubus’ actions are in defiance of the Supreme Court’s 1954 decision in Brown v. Board of Education. Faubus is eventually forced to comply by President Eisenhower, but violence caused by white protestors prompts the president to send federal troops to Little Rock to guard against further trouble.

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Sources:
Mercer ed., Millennium Year by Year, 762.
Trager, The People’s Chronology, 959.
Mercer ed., Millennium Year by Year, 762.

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1956- On September 9, Elvis Presley appears on Ed Sullivan’s Toast of the Town, and an overwhelmingly large percentage of the American population, 82.6 percent, tunes in to watch the program.

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Source: Trager, The People’s Chronology, 938.

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1953- Joseph Stalin dies on March 5 at the age of 73 due to a brain hemorrhage. Georgi Maximilianovich, former aircraft and tank production chief for World War II, becomes the nation’s new leader.

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Source: Trager, The People’s Chronology, 938.

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1950- The invasion of South Korea by Communist North Korea on June 25 marks the start of the Korean War. That same month President Truman orders U.S. armed forces to aid South Korea, and General Douglas MacArthur takes command of UN forces and thus begins the United States involvement in the three year long war.

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Source: Trager, The People’s Chronology, 922

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1949- China becomes the People’s Republic of China and adopts a communist form of government as officially proclaimed by the country’s new chairman Mao Zedong on October 1. The Nationalists no longer hold any power.

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Sources:
Trager, The People’s Chronology, 917.
Mercer ed., Millennium Year by Year, 747.

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1948- On January 30, Mohandas Gandhi, often referred to as Mahatma, is killed by an assassin’s bullet. The shooter, Nathuram Vinayak Godse, fires at point blank range at Gandhi as he walks through a garden. Godse, a Hindu extremist, is part of a group opposed to Gandhi’s message of tolerance and peace.

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Mercer ed., Millennium Year by Year, 744.

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1945- In August, the U.S. Army Air force B-29 bomber Enola Gay drops an atomic bomb, code named “Little Boy”, on the Japanese city of Hiroshima causing massive damage and loss of life. Three days later another atomic bomb code named “Big Boy” is dropped on the city of Nagasaki by the bomber Bock’s Car. Only days later, Japan surrenders and WWII is officially over.

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Source: Trager, The People’s Chronology, 893

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